Polonnaruwa is a historically significant city in Sri Lanka, known for being one of the country’s ancient capitals and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here’s a brief overview:
Historical Significance
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Capital of Sri Lanka: Polonnaruwa was the second capital of the Sinhalese Kingdom after Anuradhapura.
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Golden Age: Flourished in the 11th–13th centuries, especially under King Parakramabahu I (1153–1186), who built impressive irrigation systems and monumental architecture.
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Invasions: Declined after repeated invasions, particularly by South Indian Cholas and later internal struggles.
Top Attractions
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Gal Vihara – Famous rock temple with stunning Buddha statues carved into granite.
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Parakrama Samudra – A vast artificial reservoir built by King Parakramabahu.
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Royal Palace of King Parakramabahu – Remains of a grand palace complex.
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Vatadage – A circular relic house with intricate carvings and Buddha images.
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Rankoth Vehera – A large, well-preserved stupa.
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Polonnaruwa Museum – Offers context and insight into the city’s history and ruins.
Other Features
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Irrigation Systems: Advanced ancient technology for agriculture and water management.
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Biking Around: The ruins are spread out, so renting a bicycle is a popular way to explore.
Location
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Situated in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka.
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Easily accessible from major cities like Colombo and Kandy via train, bus, or car.
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